Being mindful of pain management post-orthopedic surgery should include knowledge about both neuropathic and subjective types of pain. Individualized strategies for management can include multimodal analgesia, which utilizes newer techniques and provides better short- and long-term outcomes for the patient—whereas opioids have generally been the go-to for targeting mechanisms of pain transmission but can lead to patient addiction. Researchers observe the pathophysiology behind the mechanism of post-surgical pain and the significance of pre-, peri-, and post-operative pain programs.

Reference: Chunduri A, Aggarwal AK. Multimodal Pain Management in Orthopedic Surgery. J Clin Med. 2022 Oct 28;11(21):6386. doi: 10.3390/jcm11216386. PMID: 36362617; PMCID: PMC9658297.

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36362617/