Researchers of a study highlighted a crucial link between cytokines and the progression of psoriatic arthritis. The research delved into how cytokines, inflammatory proteins, contribute to the unchecked growth of synovial cells in joints. This abnormal accumulation of tissue is a key characteristic of psoriatic arthritis, a condition closely related to psoriasis. In both diseases, immune cells, predominantly T-cells, mistakenly target healthy tissue, leading to inflammation and cell overgrowth. In psoriatic arthritis, this process notably impacts synovial cells, which line joints and produce lubricating fluid, ultimately causing significant joint damage and pain for patients.
In autoimmune and inflammatory conditions like psoriatic arthritis, the malfunctioning of the JAK/STAT enzyme pathway in T-cells can lead to excessive inflammation and contribute to the disease’s progression. Researchers found that cytokines in psoriatic arthritis influence the JAK/STAT pathway, driving the overproliferation of synovial cells and the formation of pannus, a thick layer of inflamed tissue. By inhibiting the JAK enzyme, the study showed a reduction in synovial cell proliferation and pannus formation, suggesting that JAK-inhibiting drugs could be effective in treating psoriatic arthritis.
Reference: Baxt J. New research explains mechanisms behind psoriatic arthritis. UC Davis Health. Published January 24, 2024. Accessed March 18, 2024. https://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/new-research-explains-mechanisms-behind-psoriatic-arthritis/2024/01
